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中国出席第77届联合国大会立场文件

2022-09-21 05:56:47 来源:中国常驻日内瓦代表团

当前,世界百年未有之大变局和新冠肺炎疫情全球大流行交织影响,世界进入新的动荡变革期。全球性威胁和挑战层出不穷,单边主义、保护主义、霸权主义抬头,公共卫生、恐怖主义、气候变化、网络安全等非传统安全威胁日益上升,世界面临的不稳定性不确定性突出。

与此同时,世界多极化、经济全球化、社会信息化、文明多样化持续深入发展,国际社会对和平与发展的呼声更加强烈。各国需要加强团结合作,秉持人类命运共同体理念,进一步完善全球治理体系,共同寻求解决全球性问题的方案。

一、世界需要真正的多边主义。多边主义是现有国际秩序的基石,是维护和平、促进发展的有效路径。世界只有一个体系,就是以联合国为核心的国际体系;只有一个秩序,就是以国际法为基础的国际秩序;只有一套规则,就是以联合国宪章宗旨和原则为基础的国际关系基本准则。

——要践行真正的多边主义,坚持联合国宪章宗旨和原则,遵守国际关系基本准则;坚持尊重各国主权,大小国家一律平等;坚持世界多样性,尊重各国正当发展权利和自主选择发展道路;坚持国际上的事情由大家商量着办,推动实现国际关系民主化。反对以多边主义为幌子,搞封闭的集团政治;反对以多边主义为借口,将少数国家制定的规则强加给国际社会。要反对将多边主义意识形态化,打造针对特定国家的价值观同盟。

——要坚持共商共建共享的全球治理观,坚持会员国主导,以有效行动为导向,推动全球治理体系更好地反映国际格局的变化,更加平衡地反映大多数国家特别是新兴市场国家和发展中国家的意愿和利益,更加有效地应对全球性挑战。会员国均应切实履行联合国宪章规定的财政义务,根据联合国大会决议确定的支付能力原则,及时、足额、无条件地缴纳联合国会费和维和摊款,支持联合国有效履行职能。

——要以推进秘书长《我们的共同议程》报告为契机,不断提高联合国自身运行效率,增强应对全球性挑战的能力,顺应当前新形势新任务,特别是增强发展系统支持会员国落实2030年可持续发展议程的能力,加强监督和问责,全面回应国际社会期待。

二、推动共建人类安全共同体。习近平主席提出的全球安全倡议,倡导坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观,坚持尊重各国主权、领土完整,坚持遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则,坚持重视各国合理安全关切,坚持通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间的分歧与争端,坚持统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全,推动共建人类安全共同体。倡议秉持联合国宪章宗旨和原则,以相互尊重为根本遵循,以安全不可分割为重要原则,走一条对话而不对抗、结伴而不结盟、共赢而非零和的新型安全之路。

——推动政治解决国际和地区热点问题。战争和制裁不是解决问题的根本之道,对话协商才是化解分歧的有效途径。要加强国家间战略沟通,增进安全互信,化解矛盾,管控分歧,消除危机产生的根源。大国要坚持公道正义,承担应尽责任,支持平等协商,尊重当事国意见,根据当事国需要和愿望劝和促谈,斡旋调停。安理会应当优先运用《联合国宪章》第六章赋予的斡旋调解工具,积极推动政治解决热点问题。国际社会应秉持安全不可分割原则,构建均衡、有效、可持续的安全架构,应坚持和平解决国际争端,鼓励冲突各方以对话建互信,以对话解纷争,以对话促安全。

——维护全球战略稳定。中国主张核武器国家应放弃以先发制人为核心的核威慑战略,停止发展和部署全球反导系统,不寻求在海外部署陆基中导,促进全球战略平衡与稳定。有关国家撤回部署在境外的核武器,不得以任何形式在亚太复制“核共享”安排。核裁军应遵循“维护全球战略稳定”和“各国安全不受减损”原则,循序渐进加以推进,拥有最大核武库的国家对核裁军负有特殊、优先责任。

——中国主张全面禁止和彻底销毁核、生物、化学等各类大规模杀伤性武器,坚决反对任何形式的扩散活动。美英澳核潜艇合作事关《不扩散核武器条约》的完整性、有效性和权威性,事关国际安全秩序以及地区乃至全球的安全与稳定。国际原子能机构理事会已多次将美英澳核潜艇合作问题列入正式议程。中国敦促三国正视国际社会关切,支持国际原子能机构参照惯例启动并持续推进政府间进程,讨论核潜艇合作相关问题。在各方达成共识之前,三国与机构秘书处不应擅自谈判核潜艇合作保障监督安排。中国呼吁三国尊重地区国家意愿,撤销开展核潜艇合作的决定。

——中国高度重视核安全,提出“理性、协调、并进”的核安全观,努力打造全球核安全命运共同体。国际社会应认真总结日本福岛核事故的教训,不断加强核安全努力,共同维护全球海洋环境安全和民众健康利益。日本单方面宣布向海洋排放福岛核污染水的决定,引发环太平洋国家和日国内民众严重关切。日本应切实履行国际义务,以科学、公开、透明、安全的方式处置核污染水,停止强推排海方案。在与利益攸关方和相关国际机构充分协商并达成一致之前,日本不得擅自启动核污染水排海。

——中国积极推动《禁止化学武器公约》得到全面、平衡、有效执行,致力于实现无化武世界的崇高目标,敦促美国尽快完成库存化武销毁,督促日本加快日遗化武销毁进程。中国主张各国坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观,不断强化常规武器领域全球治理。

——中方高度重视生物安全,致力于完善全球生物安全治理。国际社会应共同推动今年底《禁止生物武器公约》审议大会取得实质成果,不断强化公约机制,重启公约核查议定书多边谈判。同时,国际社会应共同倡导负责任的生物科研,鼓励所有利益攸关方自愿采纳《科学家生物安全行为准则天津指南》,以降低生物安全风险、促进生物科技健康发展。

——关于外空安全,应尊重并确保各国平等享有探索与和平利用外空权利,摒弃在外空搞大国竞争、集团政治和阵营对抗的做法,支持联合国在外空国际治理中发挥主平台作用,坚持防止外空军备竞赛。关于网络安全,应坚持团结,反对割裂互联网、制造对抗,平衡处理技术进步、经济发展与保护国家安全和社会公共利益的关系,不应滥用国家安全理由限制正常信息通信技术发展与合作。关于人工智能安全治理,应坚持多边主义、开放包容原则,通过对话与合作,致力于共同规范人工智能军事应用并建立普遍参与的国际机制,推动形成具有广泛共识的人工智能治理框架和标准规范。

——国际社会应当建立以联合国为中心的全球反恐统一战线,加强统筹协调,推动形成更大合力。中国强烈谴责一切形式的恐怖主义和极端主义,反对将恐怖主义、极端主义与特定国家、民族、宗教挂钩,反对采取“双重标准”。反恐应坚持综合施策、标本兼治,推动热点问题政治解决,倡导不同文明和宗教和谐共处,帮助有关地区和国家发展经济、改善民生,彻底消除恐怖主义产生的土壤。要帮助发展中国家提升反恐能力建设,同时着力应对新兴技术对国际反恐带来的挑战。

三、推动构建全球发展命运共同体。中国于2013年提出共建“一带一路”倡议,旨在以互联互通为主线,促进政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通。截至2022年7月,已有149个国家签署共建“一带一路”合作文件,“一带一路”已成为当今世界规模最大、广受欢迎的国际合作平台。“一带一路”遵循共商共建共享原则,秉持开放绿色廉洁理念,致力于实现高标准、惠民生、可持续目标。倡议提出9年来,一大批务实合作项目成功落地。疫情背景下,相关合作依然展现出强劲韧性和旺盛活力。各方正进一步加强发展战略对接,深化各领域务实合作,以共建健康、绿色、数字、创新丝绸之路为契机,打造合作新亮点,努力实现更高合作水平、更高投入效益、更高供给质量、更高发展韧性,推动高质量共建“一带一路”取得更多积极成果,为疫后世界经济复苏作出更多贡献。中国将继续推进共建“一带一路”同2030年可持续发展议程有效对接、协同增效,同包括联合国机构在内的各方共同努力,推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展不断取得新成效,实现合作共赢的美好未来。

——习近平主席提出全球发展倡议,为加快落实2030年可持续发展议程凝聚共识、动员资源、采取行动、形成合力。中国秉持开放包容的伙伴精神,坚持发展优先、以人民为中心、人与自然和谐共生、创新驱动、全球发展伙伴关系、行动导向、协同增效等原则,不让任何一国、任何一人掉队,提出减贫、粮食安全、抗疫和疫苗、发展筹资、气候变化和绿色发展、工业化、数字经济、数字时代互联互通等八个重点合作领域,为加快落实2030年可持续发展议程提供可行路径。

——完善全球减贫治理机制,推动国际社会更加关注减贫问题。深化减贫政策交流和务实合作,拓展减贫伙伴关系,消除绝对贫困、解决因疫因乱返贫致贫和多维贫困问题。促进充分就业,帮助青年妇女等群体脱贫。加强能源政策协调,维护能源供应链安全稳定,确保发展中国家能源可及可负担。要加强可持续发展筹资,敦促发达国家向发展中国家履行官方发展援助承诺,充分发挥多边开发银行等国际金融组织作用,为发展中国家提供更多发展资源,增强发展中国家自主发展能力。

——加强粮食生产、储运、加工等环节和节粮减损方面的合作,增强发展中国家特别是最不发达国家粮食自给能力。推动完善公正合理的国际粮食贸易秩序,维护产业链供应链稳定畅通。深化农业技术合作,推进粮食系统转型,实现农业农村绿色和可持续发展。

——深化抗疫合作,加强疫苗创新研发合作和联合生产与技术转移,确保疫苗在发展中国家可及可负担,构筑全球免疫屏障。国际社会应支持世界卫生组织在全球卫生治理中发挥中心协调作用,支持对全球卫生治理体系进行必要合理改革,使其更好地排除政治干扰、尊重专业科学,更好地获取和运用资源应对公共卫生危机,更好地支持构建人类卫生健康共同体。应支持全球科学溯源,坚决反对任何形式的政治操弄。应坚持多边主义,深化团结合作,进一步支持联合国及有关专门机构在全球防治艾滋病等传染病和非传染病领域的工作,推进实现2030可持续发展议程健康目标。

——加强应对气候变化国际合作,帮助发展中国家抵御气候变化影响。要始终坚持《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《巴黎协定》的基本法律框架和原则,特别是公平、共同但有区别的责任和各自能力原则。发达国家要不折不扣化承诺为坚定行动,切实兑现对发展中国家的资金、技术、能力建设支持。要始终坚持低碳大方向不动摇,兼顾民生和能源安全,传统能源退出要建立在新能源安全可靠替代基础上。要深化可再生能源和清洁能源合作,加强技术转移分享,推动能源资源、消费结构转型升级。加强生态环境保护与治理合作,提高发展中国家绿色发展和绿色融资能力。

——各国要加强数字能力建设,消除数字鸿沟。推动数字产业化、产业数字化国际合作,促进数字技术和实体经济融合,赋能传统产业转型升级,通过数字化方式推动抗疫复苏和经济增长,加强数字化绿色化协同转型发展。发挥数字减贫作用,开展惠农电商等领域合作。要加强各国海关政务服务数字化合作,推进“智慧海关、智能边境、智享联通”合作,促进供应链各方智能化互联互通。

四、弘扬和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由的全人类共同价值。和平发展是我们的共同事业,公平正义是我们的共同理想,民主自由是我们的共同追求。世界是丰富多彩的,多样性是人类文明的魅力所在,更是世界发展的活力和动力之源。世界各国应当摒弃意识形态争论,跨越文明冲突陷阱,相互尊重各国自主选择的发展道路和模式,让世界多样性成为人类社会进步的不竭动力、人类文明多姿多彩的天然形态。

——促进和保护人权是全人类的共同事业。《联合国宪章》《世界人权宣言》为全球人权事业确立了崇高目标和基本原则,各国都应遵循和践行。人权是历史的、具体的、现实的,各国必须也只能从本国实际和人民需求出发,探索适合自己的人权发展道路。要坚持以人民为中心的人权理念,统筹兼顾、系统推进各类人权,其中生存权和发展权是首要基本人权。各国都有权自主选择人权发展道路,要在平等和相互尊重基础上开展人权对话与合作,反对人权问题政治化和双重标准,反对以人权为借口干涉别国内政。人权理事会等联合国人权机制应当秉持公正、客观、非选择性、非政治化原则,不能沦为大搞政治对抗的舞台。

——坚持公平正义、惩恶扬善。国际社会要广泛凝聚政治共识,对腐败问题秉持零容忍态度、打造零漏洞制度、开展零障碍合作。坚持尊重差异、平等互鉴。尊重各国自主选择反腐败道路的权利,推动建立平等相待、尊重差异、交流互鉴、共同进步的反腐败国际合作关系。坚持合作共赢、共商共建。维护多边主义,在协商一致基础上完善全球反腐败治理规则体系。按照联合国宪章宗旨和原则办事,在《联合国反腐败公约》框架下开展反腐败合作。坚持信守承诺、行动优先。《公约》缔约方应信守合作打击腐败的庄严承诺,履行国际义务。

——推动妇女和儿童事业发展是2030年可持续发展议程重要目标。要继续大力推进落实《北京宣言》和《行动纲领》,把保障妇女、儿童权益置于重要位置;要采取综合措施确保妇女、儿童享有各项发展成果。要支持联合国发挥领导协调作用,加强全球妇女儿童事业国际合作。

——要坚持在多边框架下应对难民挑战,发挥联合国及难民署等多边机构主渠道作用,切实落实好《难民问题全球契约》,大力解决大规模难民根源性问题,推动国际社会根据共同但有区别的责任原则促进全球难民治理。

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世界上只有一个中国,台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分,中华人民共和国政府是代表全中国的唯一合法政府。1971年,联大通过第2758号决议,恢复了中华人民共和国在联合国的合法席位,从政治上、法律上和程序上彻底解决了包括台湾在内的全中国在联合国的代表权问题。联合国系统、各专门机构和联合国秘书处任何涉及台湾的事务均应遵循一个中国原则和联大第2758号决议。一个中国原则已经成为国际社会的普遍共识和国际关系基本准则。

解决台湾问题、实现祖国完全统一是全体中华儿女的共同愿望。中国愿继续以最大诚意、尽最大努力争取和平统一,但绝不为各种形式的“台独”分裂活动留下任何空间。台湾问题是中国的内政,事关中国核心利益和中国人民民族感情,不容任何外来干涉。

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中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会召开在即。中国将继续以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平外交思想为指引,积极参与国际事务,展现大国责任担当,推动构建相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系,为推动构建人类命运共同体继续作出不懈努力!

Position Paper of the People’s

Republic of China For the 77th

Session of the United Nations General Assembly

Today, the combined forces of changes in the world unseen in a century and the COVID-19 global pandemic have taken the world into a phase of fluidity and transformation. Threats and challenges with global implications keep emerging. Unilateralism, protectionism, and hegemonism are reasserting themselves, and nontraditional security threats involving public health, terrorism, climate change, and cybersecurity are rising. Instability and uncertainties are mounting in the world.

Meanwhile, the world is becoming increasingly multi-polar, economically globalized, digitized and culturally diversified. The call of the international community for peace and development grows even stronger. Countries need to strengthen solidarity and cooperation, uphold the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind, further improve the global governance system, and work together to find solutions to global issues.

I.The world needs true multilateralism.Multilateralism is a cornerstone of the existing international order and an effective path to upholding peace and promoting development. In the world, there is only one international system, i.e. the international system with the United Nations at its core. There is only one international order, i.e. the international order underpinned by international law. And there is only one set of rules, i.e. the basic norms governing international relations underpinned by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.

— We need to practice true multilateralism, observe the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and the basic norms governing international relations; respect the sovereignty of all countries and equality among them, big or small; uphold diversity in the world and respect the legitimate development rights of all countries and their own choice of development path; handle world affairs through extensive consultation and advocate greater democracy in international relations. We need to oppose the attempt to seek exclusive, bloc politics under the disguise of multilateralism, or to impose the rules made by a few countries on the wider international community under the pretext of multilateralism. We must reject the moves to use multilateralism as an ideological tool to build alliances of values targeting certain countries.

— We need to advocate consultation, cooperation and shared benefits in global governance and adopt a Member States-led and action-oriented approach to improve the global governance system. The aim is to make it better reflect the changing international landscape and the aspirations and interests of the majority of countries, especially emerging markets and developing countries, and more effective in tackling global challenges. All UN Member States should earnestly fulfill their financial obligations stipulated in the UN Charter and pay assessments for both regular budgets and peacekeeping operations on time, in full, without conditions and in accordance with the “capacity to pay” principle set forth in the UN General Assembly resolution, so as to support the UN in effectively carrying out its functions.

— We need to take the promotion of the Secretary-General’s report Our Common Agenda as an opportunity to keep improving the efficiency of the UN, enhance its capacity to address global challenges, and better respond to new circumstances and tasks. In particular, the UN needs to strengthen the capacity of its development system to support Member States in implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and enhance oversight and accountability to fully meet the expectations of the international community.

II. Promoting a global community of security for all. The Global Security Initiative (GSI) proposed by President Xi Jinping is underpinned by “six commitments”, namely, staying committed to the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security; staying committed to respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries; staying committed to abiding by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter; staying committed to taking the legitimate security concerns of all countries seriously; staying committed to peacefully resolving differences and disputes between countries through dialogue and consultation; and staying committed to maintaining security in both traditional and non-traditional domains, with a view to promoting a global community of security for all. Upholding the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, the GSI takes mutual respect as the fundamental requirement and indivisible security as the important principle, in order to foster a new type of security that replaces confrontation, alliance and a zero-sum approach with dialogue, partnership and win-win results.

— Promoting the political settlement of international and regional hotspots. Wars and sanctions are not fundamental paths to resolving problems; only dialogue and consultation offer effective ways to addressing differences. Countries need to enhance strategic communication among them, improve security mutual trust, resolve disputes, manage differences, and remove the root causes of crises. Major countries should uphold equity and justice, shoulder their due responsibilities, and support equal-footed consultation. They should respect the views of the countries concerned, and facilitate talks for peace, play good offices and mediate in light of the needs and will of the countries concerned. The Security Council should apply on a priority basis the tools of mediation availed to it by Chapter VI of the UN Charter to actively promote the political settlement of hot-spot issues. The international community should uphold the principle of indivisible security, establish a balanced, effective and sustainable security architecture, and stay committed to promoting the peaceful settlement of international disputes. Parties in a conflict should be encouraged to build trust, resolve disputes and enhance security through dialogue.

— Upholding global strategic stability. China maintains that nuclear-weapon states should abandon nuclear deterrence policies based on pre-emptive moves, stop developing and deploying global anti-ballistic missile systems, and not seek to deploy land-based intermediate-range missiles overseas, so as to promote global strategic balance and stability. Relevant countries should withdraw all nuclear weapons deployed abroad and refrain from any attempt to replicate the nuclear sharing model in the Asia-Pacific region. Nuclear disarmament should follow the principles of “maintaining global strategic stability” and “undiminished security for all” and proceed in a gradual manner. Countries with the largest nuclear arsenals shoulder special and primary responsibilities in nuclear disarmament.

— China advocates the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of weapons of mass destruction (WMD), including nuclear, biological and chemical weapons, and firmly opposes any forms of proliferation. The AUKUS cooperation on nuclear submarine concerns the integrity, effectiveness and authority of the NPT. It affects the international security order as well as regional or even global security and stability. The IAEA has on multiple occasions included the AUKUS issue in its formal agenda. China urges the three countries to take seriously the concerns of the international community and support the IAEA in initiating and advancing an intergovernmental process according to the established practice to discuss issues concerning such cooperation. Pending an agreement among the various parties, the three countries and the IAEA Secretariat should not proceed to negotiate, on their own, any safeguards arrangement on nuclear submarine cooperation. China urges the three countries to respect the will of regional countries and revoke the decision to pursue nuclear submarine cooperation.

— China takes nuclear security seriously. It has proposed a rational, coordinated and balanced approach to nuclear security and worked actively for a community of shared future for global nuclear security. The international community should draw lessons from the Fukushima nuclear accident, make continuous efforts to enhance nuclear security, and protect a safe global marine environment and people’s health interests. Japan’s unilateral decision to discharge the contaminated water into the ocean has caused serious concern among the Pacific Rim countries and the Japanese people. Japan should live up to its international obligations, dispose of the contaminated water in a science-based, open, transparent and secure manner, and stop pursuing its discharge plan. Japan must not start the discharge process prior to a thorough consultation and consensus with stakeholders and relevant international agencies.

— China works actively for the full, balanced and effective implementation of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction (CWC), and is committed to the lofty goal of achieving a world free of chemical weapons. China calls upon the US to complete the destruction of its chemical weapon stockpile as soon as possible and urges Japan to speed up the destruction of the chemical weapons it left in China. China upholds the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security for all countries and calls for continued efforts to strengthen global governance on conventional weapons.

— China attaches great importance to biosecurity and is committed to improving global governance in this area. It is important that the international community work together for substantive outcomes at the Review Conference of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction (BWC) to be held at the end of this year, steadily bolster the mechanisms of the Convention, and restart multilateral negotiations on a verification protocol to the Convention. The international community should jointly advocate responsible biological research and encourage all stakeholders to voluntarily observe the Tianjin Biosecurity Guidelines for Codes of Conduct for Scientists to lower biosecurity risks and promote the sound development of biological science and technology.

— On outer space security, China maintains that the equal rights of all countries to explore and peacefully use outer space should be respected and guaranteed, and that attempts to create major-country competition, bloc politics and rival camps in outer space must be rejected. China supports the UN’s role as the main platform for international governance on outer space and stands firm against arms race in outer space. On cybersecurity, efforts must be made to uphold solidarity against the practices of fragmenting the Internet or stoking confrontation. A balanced approach should be adopted to handle technological progress and economic development on the one hand and the protection of national security and public interests on the other without overstretching the concept of national security to restrict normal ICT development and cooperation. On the security governance of artificial intelligence (AI), countries should uphold multilateralism and the principles of openness and inclusiveness and carry out dialogue and cooperation to jointly regulate the military application of AI, set up international mechanisms with broad participation, and push for AI governance frameworks, standards and norms that reflect extensive consensus.

— The international community should put up a global united front on counterterrorism with the UN at its center, and step up coordination to form greater synergy. China strongly condemns terrorism and extremism of all forms, opposes associating them with specific countries, ethnicities or religions, and stands against double standards on this issue. China calls for a holistic approach to counterterrorism that addresses both the symptoms and root causes. Efforts are needed to facilitate the political settlement of hotspot issues, promote the harmonious coexistence of different civilizations and religions, and help relevant regions and countries develop their economies and improve people’s lives, so as to eliminate the breeding ground of terrorism at its source. It is imperative to help developing countries enhance counterterrorism capacity building and work to address the challenges that emerging technologies are bringing to the international fight against terrorism.

III. Promoting a global community of development with a shared future.In 2013, China put forward the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). With connectivity as its main focus, the BRI is designed to promote policy, infrastructure, trade, financial and people-to-people connectivity. As of July 2022, 149 countries had signed Belt and Road cooperation documents with China, making the BRI the largest and widely welcomed platform for international cooperation in the world. Belt and Road cooperation is guided by the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits. It follows the concept of open, green and clean development, and is aimed at high-standard, people-centered and sustainable growth. Since the BRI was put forth nine years ago, a large number of practical cooperation projects have been successfully launched. Relevant cooperation has demonstrated strong resilience and vitality despite COVID-19. Relevant parties are further enhancing the complementarity between development strategies, deepening practical cooperation in various areas, and working together to build a Health Silk Road, a green Silk Road, a digital Silk Road, and a Silk Road of innovation, with a view to creating new highlights of cooperation and achieving higher-level cooperation, better cost-effectiveness, higher-quality supply and stronger development resilience. Such efforts will produce more positive outcomes in advancing high-quality Belt and Road cooperation and contribute even more to post-COVID global economic recovery. China will continue to promote the complementarity and synergy between Belt and Road cooperation and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and work with all partners including UN agencies for more progress in high-quality Belt and Road cooperation and for a bright future of win-win cooperation.

— President Xi Jinping has proposed the Global Development Initiative (GDI), which aims at building consensus, mobilizing resources, promoting action and forming synergy for implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at a faster pace. China has acted in the spirit of an open and inclusive partnership, and followed the principles of development first, a people-centered approach, harmony between man and nature, innovation-driven development, a global partnership for development, results-oriented actions, and synergy through coordination, to ensure that no country or individual would be left behind. China has identified 8 priority areas, namely poverty alleviation, food security, COVID-19 response and vaccine, development financing, climate change and green development, industrialization, digital economy and connectivity in the digital era, as viable pathways for speeding up the implementation of the 2030 Agenda.

— It is important to improve the global governance mechanism on poverty reduction and draw greater international attention to poverty reduction. More efforts are needed to deepen policy exchanges and practical cooperation and expand partnerships, with a view to eradicating absolute poverty and addressing the challenges of pandemic- or conflict-induced poverty or relapse into poverty and multidimensional poverty. It is essential to promote full employment and help certain groups such as youth and women get out of poverty. More should be done to strengthen energy policy coordination, keep the energy supply chain secure and stable, and ensure access to affordable energy in developing countries. It is important to increase financing for sustainable development, urge developed countries to fulfill ODA commitments to developing countries, fully harness the role of multilateral development banks and other international financial institutions, in order to provide more development resources to developing countries and shore up their capacity for self-generated development.

— It is important to step up cooperation in food production, storage, transport, processing and food loss and waste reduction, and improve food self-sufficiency of developing countries, especially the least developed countries. Efforts should be made to make the international order for food trade more just and equitable, and keep industrial and supply chains stable and smooth. There should be closer cooperation on agricultural technology to promote the transformation of the food system and realize the green and sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas.

— It is important to deepen anti-pandemic cooperation, strengthen cooperation on vaccine innovation, research and development, joint production and technology transfer, to ensure vaccine accessibility and affordability in developing countries and put up a global immunization defence. The international community should support the WHO in playing a central coordinating role in global health governance and support necessary and reasonable reform of the global health governance system to make the Organization better able to respect science free from political interference, access and deploy resources to address public health crises, and support the building of a global community of health for all. Support should be given to the origins tracing of the coronavirus around the world, and all forms of political manipulation must be firmly opposed. It is important to uphold multilateralism and enhance unity and cooperation to further support the work of the UN and its specialized agencies in preventing and treating AIDS and other communicable and non-communicable diseases, and work toward realizing the health-related targets of the 2030 Agenda.

— We need to strengthen international climate cooperation and help developing countries resist the impact of climate change. It is important to stick to the basic legal framework and principles of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Paris Agreement, particularly the principles of equity, common but differentiated responsibilities, and respective capabilities. Developed countries should earnestly fulfill their commitments of financing, technology and capacity-building support to developing countries. We should keep to the general direction of low-carbon development, strike a balance between livelihood imperatives and energy security, and make sure that the phase-down of traditional energy is based on safe and reliable substitution in new energy. Efforts need to be made to deepen cooperation on renewable energy and clean energy, strengthen technology transfer and sharing, and transform and upgrade the energy and resources mix and the consumption pattern. We need to step up cooperation in ecological and environmental protection and governance and enhance developing countries’ capacity for green development and financing.

— Countries need to strengthen digital capacity building to bridge the digital divide. Efforts need to be made to enhance international cooperation on developing the digital industry and transforming traditional industries with digital technologies, integrate digital technologies with the real economy, transform and upgrade traditional industries, bolster pandemic response and economic recovery and growth through digital means, and advance coordinated digital and green transition and development. It is important to harness digital technologies in poverty reduction and carry out cooperation in such areas as e-commerce for farmers. Countries need to strengthen cooperation on the digitization of customs services, advance cooperation on Smart Customs, Smart Borders and Smart Connectivity, and build a smart network connecting all parties involved in the supply chain.

IV. Promoting humanity’s common values of peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom. Peace and development are our common cause, equity and justice our common aspiration, and democracy and freedom our common pursuit. The world we live in is diverse and colorful. Diversity is the charm of human civilization and provides a constant source of vitality and driving force for world development. Countries around the world should rise above ideological disputes, avoid the trap of “clash of civilizations”, and respect each other’s independent choice of development path and model. We should see the diversity of our world as an inexhaustible source of inspiration driving human advancement and a natural reflection of the colorful civilizations of humanity.

— Promoting and protecting human rights is the shared cause of all humanity. The UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights have set out lofty ideals and basic principles for the global human rights cause. They should be observed and delivered by all countries. Human rights have historical, specific and practical contexts. It is both necessary and imperative for countries to explore their own paths of human rights development in light of national realities and the needs of their people. It is important to uphold a human rights philosophy that centers on the people, and take coordinated and systemic measures to advance all types of human rights, among which the rights to subsistence and development are the basic human rights of paramount importance. Countries have the right to choose independently their paths of human rights development, and human rights dialogue and cooperation should be conducted on the basis of equality and mutual respect. Politicization of human rights issues, double standards and the use of human rights as an excuse to interfere in other countries’ internal affairs should be rejected. The Human Rights Council and other human rights mechanisms of the UN should honor the principles of fairness, impartiality, non-selectiveness and non-politicization, and avoid becoming a stage for political confrontation.

— It is important to uphold fairness and justice by punishing wrongdoings while promoting good conduct. The international community needs to build extensive political consensus, and take a zero-tolerance stance, build zero-loophole institutions, and conduct zero-barrier cooperation to combat corruption. It is important to respect differences, treat each other as equals and promote mutual learning; respect countries’ right to choose their own paths for fighting corruption; and advance international cooperation against corruption on the basis of equal treatment, respect for differences, exchanges and mutual learning, and common progress. It is important to pursue win-win cooperation through extensive consultation and joint contribution; uphold multilateralism and improve the system of global rules for anti-corruption governance on the basis of consensus; act in line with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and carry out anti-corruption cooperation within the framework of the UN Convention against Corruption. It is important to honor commitments with action. The parties to the UN Convention against Corruption should deliver their solemn commitments on anti-corruption cooperation and fulfill their international obligations.

— Advancing the causes of women and children are important goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Efforts need to be redoubled to implement the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, and put the protection of the rights and interests of women and children high on our agenda. Comprehensive measures should be taken to ensure women and children enjoy the various benefits of development. We should support the UN in its leading and coordinating role and strengthen international cooperation on women and children.

— We need to tackle the challenge of refugees within the multilateral framework, give full play to the role of the UN and its refugee agency and other multilateral institutions as the main channel, earnestly implement the Global Compact on Refugees, work hard to address the root causes of large waves of refugees, and push the international community to advance global refugee governance in accordance with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities.

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There is but one China in the world and Taiwan is an inalienable part of China’s territory; the Government of the People’s Republic of China is the sole legal government representing the whole of China. Resolution 2758 adopted by the UN General Assembly (UNGA) in 1971 restored the lawful seat of the People’s Republic of China in the UN, and settled once and for all the political, legal and procedural issues of the representation of the whole of China, including Taiwan, in the UN. The UN system, its specialized agencies and the UN Secretariat should abide by the one-China principle and UNGA Resolution 2758 when dealing with any Taiwan-related affairs. The one-China principle has become a universal consensus of the international community and a basic norm in international relations.

Resolving the Taiwan question to realize China’s complete reunification is the shared aspiration of all Chinese people. China will continue to work with the greatest sincerity and effort to achieve peaceful reunification, but will leave no room for any form of “Taiwan independence” secessionist activities. The Taiwan question is an internal affair that involves China’s core interests and the Chinese people’s national sentiments; no external interference will be tolerated.

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The Communist Party of China will soon convene its 20th National Congress. China will continue to follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy in particular, actively participate in international affairs, act with a sense of responsibilities as a major country, advance the building of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation, and work tirelessly for building a community with a shared future for mankind.



责任编辑:陈洁
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